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This thesis presents a fabrication workflow that explores the integration of reclaimed timber in micro-factory environments, focusing on minimal processing, maximizing material yield, and simplified logistics. This work highlights reclaimed-timber micro-factory networks as a practical way to achieve resilient, closed-loop material flows. Timber is a promising construction material due to its carbon-sequestering capacity and structural reliability; however, conventional production relies on linear supply chains. While urban mining diversifies material inputs, the environmental advantages of reclaimed timber are often offset by transport-intensive logistics.
To mitigate this, the thesis proposes micro-factory-based manufacturing networks situated near second-use locations. These networks employ small-scale, adaptive robotic systems to process heterogeneous reclaimed timber. By reducing centralized processing and long-distance transport, the approach lowers carbon emissions, strengthens supply chain resilience, and enables locally responsive production. The system is implemented via mobile fabrication units that process reclaimed timber on-site or near-site. A rapid assessment method is introduced to optimize material placement and evaluate structural performance, combining compact machinery with analytical validation tools.
The resulting demonstrator integrates core elements of this workflow, confirming the viability of combining reclaimed timber with micro-factory setups. The research underscores the potential of upcycling timber waste, customizing standardized components, and simplifying logistics. Overall, it presents a scalable and context-sensitive strategy for sustainable construction.
ITECH M.Sc. Thesis Project 2025: ReGrain - Towards a Zero Waste Building Economy Using Reclaimed Timber
Yu-Lun Chiu, Matthias Hornung
Thesis Advisers: Tzu-Ying Chen, Nils Opgenorth
Thesis Supervisor: Prof. Jan Knippers
Second Supervisor: Prof. Achim Menges